Arduino Radar

 Materials Required:

1. Arduino Uno

2. Ultrasonic Sensor

3.Servo Motor

4.Jumpper wires


First of all connect all the items as shown in the circuit diagram on the top right of this page. Then download arduino IDE.

Arduino IDE download link: https://www.arduino.cc/en/software


After you download the IDE upload the code given below and run

Code for Arduino

#include <Servo.h>. 
const int trigPin = 8;
const int echoPin = 9;
// defining time and distance
long duration;
int distance;
Servo myServo; // Object servo
void setup() {
  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); // trigPin as an Output
  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); // echoPin as an Input
  Serial.begin(9600);
  myServo.attach(10); // Pin Connected To Servo
}
void loop() {
  // rotating servo i++ depicts increment of one degree
  for(int i=15;i<=165;i++){  
  myServo.write(i);
  delay(30);
  distance = calculateDistance();
  
  Serial.print(i); 
  Serial.print(","); 
  Serial.print(distance); 
  Serial.print(".");
  }
  // Repeats the previous lines from 165 to 15 degrees
  for(int i=165;i>15;i--){  
  myServo.write(i);
  delay(30);
  distance = calculateDistance();
  Serial.print(i);
  Serial.print(",");
  Serial.print(distance);
  Serial.print(".");
  }
}
int calculateDistance(){ 
  
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW); 
  delayMicroseconds(2);
  // Sets the trigPin on HIGH state for 10 micro seconds
  digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH); 
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH); 
  distance= duration*0.034/2;
  return distance;
}



Then after you upload the code in arduino download processing

Processing download link: https://processing.org/download/

Then, after you download processing upload the processing code given below and run
  
Code for Processing

import processing.serial.*; // imports library for serial communication 
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; // imports library for reading the data from the serial port 
import java.io.IOException; 
Serial myPort; 
// defines Object Serial
// defubes variables 
String angle=""; 
String distance=""; 
String data=""; 
String noObject; 
float pixsDistance; 
int iAngle, iDistance; 
int index1=0; 
int index2=0; 
PFont orcFont; 
void setup() {
  
 size (1200, 700); // ***CHANGE THIS TO YOUR SCREEN RESOLUTION***
 smooth(); 
 myPort = new Serial(this,"COM4", 9600); // starts the serial communication 
 myPort.bufferUntil('.'); // reads the data from the serial port up to the character '.'. So actually it reads this: angle,distance. 
} 
void draw() { 
 fill(98,245,31); 
 // simulating motion blur and slow fade of the moving line 
 noStroke(); 
 fill(0,4); 
 rect(0, 0, width, height-height*0.065); 
 fill(98,245,31); // green color
 // calls the functions for drawing the radar 
 drawRadar(); 
 drawLine(); 
 drawObject(); 
 drawText(); 
} 
void serialEvent (Serial myPort) { // starts reading data from the Serial Port
 // reads the data from the Serial Port up to the character '.' and puts it into the String variable "data".
  data = myPort.readStringUntil('.');
data = data.substring(0,data.length()-1); 
 index1 = data.indexOf(","); // find the character ',' and puts it into the variable "index1" 
 angle= data.substring(0, index1); // read the data from position "0" to position of the variable index1 or thats the value of the angle the Arduino Board sent into the Serial Port 
 distance= data.substring(index1+1, data.length()); // read the data from position "index1" to the end of the data pr thats the value of the distance 
 // converts the String variables into Integer 
 iAngle = int(angle); 
 iDistance = int(distance); 
} 
void drawRadar() { 
 pushMatrix(); 
 translate(width/2,height-height*0.074); // moves the starting coordinats to new location 
 noFill(); 
 strokeWeight(2); 
 stroke(98,245,31); 
 // draws the arc lines 
 arc(0,0,(width-width*0.0625),(width-width*0.0625),PI,TWO_PI); 
 arc(0,0,(width-width*0.27),(width-width*0.27),PI,TWO_PI); 
 arc(0,0,(width-width*0.479),(width-width*0.479),PI,TWO_PI);
 arc(0,0,(width-width*0.687),(width-width*0.687),PI,TWO_PI);
 // draws the angle lines 
 line(-width/2,0,width/2,0);
 line(0,0,(-width/2)*cos(radians(30)),(-width/2)*sin(radians(30))); 
 line(0,0,(-width/2)*cos(radians(60)),(-width/2)*sin(radians(60))); 
 line(0,0,(-width/2)*cos(radians(90)),(-width/2)*sin(radians(90))); 
 line(0,0,(-width/2)*cos(radians(120)),(-width/2)*sin(radians(120))); 
 line(0,0,(-width/2)*cos(radians(150)),(-width/2)*sin(radians(150))); 
 line((-width/2)*cos(radians(30)),0,width/2,0); 
 popMatrix(); 
}
 void drawObject() { 
 pushMatrix(); 
 translate(width/2,height-height*0.074); // moves the starting coordinats to new location
  strokeWeight(9); 
 stroke(255,10,10); // red color 
 pixsDistance = iDistance*((height-height*0.1666)*0.025); // covers the distance from the sensor from cm to pixels 
 // limiting the range to 40 cms 
 if(iDistance<40){
 // draws the object according to the angle and the distance 
 line(pixsDistance*cos(radians(iAngle)),-pixsDistance*sin(radians(iAngle)),(width-width*0.505)*cos(radians(iAngle)),-(width-width*0.505)*sin(radians(iAngle))); 
 } 
 popMatrix(); 
}
 void drawLine() { 
 pushMatrix(); 
 strokeWeight(9); 
 stroke(30,250,60); 
 translate(width/2,height-height*0.074); // moves the starting coordinats to new location 
 line(0,0,(height-height*0.12)*cos(radians(iAngle)),-(height-height*0.12)*sin(radians(iAngle))); // draws the line according to the angle
 popMatrix(); 
} 
void drawText() { // draws the texts on the screen
 pushMatrix(); 
 if(iDistance>40) { 
 noObject = "Out of Range"; 
 }
 else {
  noObject = "In Range";
  }
  fill(0,0,0);
  noStroke();
  rect(0, height-height*0.0648, width, height);
  fill(98,245,31);
  textSize(25);
  
  text("10cm",width-width*0.3854,height-height*0.0833);
  text("20cm",width-width*0.281,height-height*0.0833);
  text("30cm",width-width*0.177,height-height*0.0833);
  text("40cm",width-width*0.0729,height-height*0.0833);
  textSize(40);
  text("Samir's Experiments", width-width*0.875, height-height*0.0277);
  text("Angle: " + iAngle +" °", width-width*0.48, height-height*0.0277);
  text("Distance: ", width-width*0.26, height-height*0.0277);
  if(iDistance<40) {
  text("        " + iDistance +" cm", width-width*0.225, height-height*0.0277);
  }
  textSize(25); 
 fill(98,245,60); 
 translate((width-width*0.4994)+width/2*cos(radians(30)),(height-height*0.0907)-width/2*sin(radians(30)));
  rotate(-radians(-60));
  text("30°",0,0); 
 resetMatrix(); 
 translate((width-width*0.503)+width/2*cos(radians(60)),(height-height*0.0888)-width/2*sin(radians(60)));
  rotate(-radians(-30));
  text("60°",0,0); 
 resetMatrix(); 
 translate((width-width*0.507)+width/2*cos(radians(90)),(height-height*0.0833)-width/2*sin(radians(90)));
  rotate(radians(0));
  text("90°",0,0); 
 resetMatrix(); 
 translate(width-width*0.513+width/2*cos(radians(120)),(height-height*0.07129)-width/2*sin(radians(120)));
  rotate(radians(-30));
  text("120°",0,0); 
 resetMatrix(); 
 translate((width-width*0.5104)+width/2*cos(radians(150)),(height-height*0.0574)-width/2*sin(radians(150)));
  rotate(radians(-60)); 
 text("150°",0,0); 
 popMatrix(); 
 }



There you go with output.


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